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- Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus (BVDV) can cause a variety of clinical and
subclinical reproductive, enteric and respiratory syndromes, and immune
dysfunction.
- BVDV is unique in that a fetus that is infected from its transiently or
persistently viremic dam prior to formation of a competent immune system
can become persistently infected (PI) with the virus.
- PI cattle will shed BVDV from body secretions throughout their life.
- PI cattle are considered the primary reservoir for BVDV in both cow herd
and feedlot situations.
- A current estimate is that about 10% of beef cow herds have at least 1
PI animal, and about 0.25 to <1% of calves born are PI.
- Veterinarians should have a surveillance strategy to determine level of
herd risk for the presence of PI animals (High vs. Low Risk).
- Herds that are considered high risk for containing PI animals should
utilize laboratory tests to do whole-herd screening to find all PI
animals and then remove them.
- PI cattle should be removed from herds immediately and marketed directly
to slaughter or euthanized. BVDV is not a human health risk, but PI
cattle are a health risk to other cattle and are often in poor health
themselves.
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Notes
